Russians are increasingly relying on virtual private networks (VPNs) and multiple devices to bypass tightening internet restrictions imposed by the Kremlin, according to a Reuters report detailing how citizens are adapting to what analysts describe as a growing “digital iron curtain.” The changes come amid expanded state controls over foreign messaging platforms and increased promotion of government-approved alternatives.

In everyday life, users are reportedly switching between VPNs and separate devices to navigate blocked services. One example highlighted in the report describes a Moscow-based professional who uses a VPN to access foreign messaging apps such as WhatsApp, which is restricted in Russia, while switching it off to use domestic services like Russian Railways and state-linked platforms. Many users also rely on a second phone to access government-backed applications designed for official communication.

The Kremlin has intensified its internet regulations over the past year, blocking or restricting access to several foreign platforms while encouraging citizens to adopt state-supported apps under its “digital sovereignty” policy. Authorities have also faced criticism over concerns that such platforms may enable surveillance, though officials and associated tech firms have denied these allegations. The increased controls have reportedly caused disruptions across sectors including banking, transport, and e-commerce.

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VPN usage has surged sharply in response to these restrictions. Data cited in the report suggests millions of VPN downloads in a single month, reflecting a significant rise compared to previous years. While VPNs remain legal in Russia, regulators have moved to restrict access to several providers, creating an ongoing cycle of blocks and new service adoption among users attempting to maintain access to global internet content.

The digital tightening has also coincided with broader public frustration over economic pressures, rising prices, and war-related fatigue. Some polling data referenced in the report indicates fluctuating approval ratings for President Vladimir Putin, while analysts suggest that internet disruptions have added to public inconvenience. Officials maintain that such measures are necessary for security reasons, particularly amid concerns over cyber threats and wartime communications.

Despite increasing restrictions, many Russians appear to have adapted to the evolving digital environment by using combinations of VPNs, multiple phones, and region-specific applications. However, uncertainty remains over future regulations, including potential new rules affecting data usage and online access. Analysts note that the situation reflects an ongoing technological and political struggle between state control and user circumvention in Russia’s internet landscape.

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