Few foods in Indian cuisine are as intriguingly misnamed as Bombay duck. Despite its name, it has absolutely no connection to poultry. Instead, Bombay duck is a fish that has been an integral part of coastal Indian cooking for generations. Its unusual name has long sparked confusion and curiosity, particularly among those encountering it for the first time on restaurant menus or fish market stalls.

The story behind this iconic name takes us back to British India, railway systems, and linguistic evolution—making Bombay duck not just a culinary delight, but also a historical curiosity.

What Exactly Is Bombay Duck?

Bombay duck is a saltwater fish scientifically known as Harpadon nehereus, commonly referred to as a lizardfish. It is found primarily along the western coast of India, especially in Maharashtra and Gujarat, and is particularly associated with Mumbai and its surrounding coastal regions.

Also Read: Antidepressants Side Effects Revealed: Doctor Lists 7 Risks and How to Use Them Safely

The fish is known for its soft flesh, distinctive aroma, and ability to absorb spices exceptionally well. Traditionally, it is often sun-dried to preserve it, a process that intensifies its flavour and makes it suitable for a variety of preparations.

The Fascinating Origin of the Name “Bombay Duck”

The name “Bombay duck” dates back to the British colonial period. According to renowned Indian food historian Pushpesh Pant, the term evolved from “Bombay Dak.”

During British rule, fresh fish from Bombay was transported to other parts of India via the railway mail service. These mail trains were known as “Dak” trains—dak being the Hindi word for post or mail. Over time, British officials and traders anglicised the term “Bombay Dak,” and through pronunciation and usage, it gradually transformed into “Bombay Duck.”

The name persisted, even though the fish itself has no relation to ducks, and eventually became firmly embedded in both Indian and British culinary vocabulary.

Nutritional Value and Health Benefits

Beyond its curious name, Bombay duck is highly valued for its nutritional profile. It is:

• Rich in lean protein, supporting muscle development and tissue repair

• Low in fat, making it suitable for calorie-conscious diets

• High in omega-3 fatty acids, which promote heart health, brain function, and reduce inflammation

Additionally, Bombay duck provides essential minerals such as calcium and phosphorus for bone strength, as well as iodine, which supports healthy thyroid function. Its soft texture makes it easy to digest, particularly beneficial for older adults and those recovering from illness.

Popular Dishes Made with Bombay Duck

Bombay duck is a cornerstone of coastal Maharashtrian and Goan cuisine and appears in several beloved preparations:

• Bombay Duck Fry – Lightly battered or spiced and shallow-fried until crisp

• Bombay Duck Curry – A spicy, tangy curry often cooked with coconut, kokum, or tamarind

• Bombay Duck Pickle – A long-lasting condiment packed with robust spices and oil

Sun-drying the fish before cooking is a traditional technique that enhances both flavour and shelf life, especially in humid coastal climates.

Tips for Buying Fresh Bombay Duck

When purchasing Bombay duck, quality is essential due to its delicate nature:

• Check the texture: Fresh fish should feel firm and spring back when pressed

• Smell carefully: A mild sea aroma is ideal; strong or sour odours indicate spoilage

• Buy from trusted coastal markets: These typically offer fresher catch than inland suppliers

• Request gentle cleaning: The fish is fragile, so careful handling prevents breakage

Bombay duck may have one of the most misleading names in Indian cuisine, but its history, flavour, and nutritional value make it truly remarkable. What began as a colonial linguistic quirk has evolved into a culinary identity recognised across India and beyond.

Now that you know the story behind the name—and the many reasons this fish is so beloved—it might be the perfect time to experience it yourself. Whether fried, curried, or pickled, Bombay duck offers a unique taste of Mumbai’s rich coastal heritage.

Also Read: Fitness Without Sweat? Internet Reacts to Surat Gym’s Unusual Slimming Beds