The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN), launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on November 15, 2023, has made significant strides in improving the socio-economic conditions of 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) across 18 states and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, according to a government statement in the Rajya Sabha. With a budget of Rs 24,104 crore (Centre: Rs 15,336 crore, States: Rs 8,768 crore) over 2023–2026, the scheme, coordinated by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and nine line ministries, focuses on 11 critical interventions: housing, water, education, healthcare, nutrition, electrification, connectivity, and livelihoods.
Union Minister of State for Tribal Affairs Durgadas Uikey, responding to MP Neeraj Dangi, detailed progress as of July 2025. The Ministry of Rural Development sanctioned 4.6 lakh pucca houses under PM Awas Yojana-Gramin, completing 1.36 lakh, targeting 4.9 lakh by 2026. The Ministry of Jal Shakti provided piped water to 7,406 of 18,385 targeted villages via Jal Jeevan Mission. The Ministry of Communications installed 2,516 of 3,894 planned mobile towers, while 637 km of 6,506 km sanctioned roads were built, enhancing connectivity. All 694 sanctioned mobile medical units are operational under the Ministry of Health, and 2,027 of 2,500 planned Anganwadi centres function for nutrition and childcare, per the Ministry of Women and Child Development.
Electrification efforts under the Ministry of Power connected 1.2 lakh of 1.43 lakh identified unelectrified households, with 2,363 of 10,000 sanctioned households receiving solar connections under the New Solar Power Scheme (Rs 515 crore budget). The Ministry of Education began constructing 99 of 492 planned hostels, and the Ministry of Skill Development trained PVTG beneficiaries through 332 operational Van Dhan Vikas Kendras (VDVKs) for forest produce value-addition, with 802 of 1,000 multipurpose centres underway for skill development and cultural preservation. Awareness campaigns facilitated 23,374 Aadhaar cards, 12,229 Jan Dhan accounts, and 1,05,466 Ayushman Bharat cards in Gujarat alone.
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Gujarat leads implementation, approving 12,489 houses, electrifying 5,200 households, and installing 37 mobile towers. Challenges persist, including data discrepancies on the PM-GatiShakti portal and logistical issues in remote areas, with only 1.59 lakh houses sanctioned against a 5-lakh target due to migratory patterns and outdated 2001 census data (27.6 lakh PVTGs). Despite delays, the scheme’s participatory approach, relaxed infrastructure norms, and Forest Rights Act implementation aim for sustainable development.
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