Rabies remains one of the most dangerous zoonotic diseases, as it is almost always fatal once symptoms appear. While vaccination is the strongest defence against the virus, many pet parents continue to wonder whether vaccinated dogs and cats can still carry or transmit rabies. Experts stress that although the risk is extremely low, understanding vaccine limits is essential.

According to Chandigarh-based veterinarian Dr Ridhima Mahadeva, rabies vaccines used in pets are highly effective when administered correctly and on schedule. She explains that vaccination plays a critical role in breaking the transmission chain between animals and humans. Studies consistently show that vaccinated pets are far less likely to develop rabies compared to unvaccinated animals.

However, no vaccine offers absolute, lifelong protection in every case. Rare breakthrough infections can occur, usually due to missed booster doses, improper vaccine storage, vaccination of sick or immunocompromised animals, or exposure before immunity has fully developed. Even in such cases, the risk remains significantly lower than in unvaccinated pets.

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A common concern among pet owners is whether vaccinated animals can silently carry rabies. Dr Mahadeva clarifies that there is no scientific evidence supporting this fear. Infected animals typically develop noticeable clinical symptoms, making silent transmission by healthy, vaccinated pets extremely unlikely.

If a vaccinated pet bites or scratches someone, the risk of rabies transmission is minimal but should not be ignored. Immediate wound washing with soap and running water is essential, followed by medical consultation. Doctors may tailor post-exposure treatment based on the pet’s vaccination status and health, but such decisions must always be made by healthcare professionals.

Experts emphasize that in India, rabies cases overwhelmingly involve unvaccinated animals, especially free-roaming dogs. Confirmed rabies cases in fully vaccinated pets are exceptionally rare. Regular vaccination, timely boosters, responsible pet care, and prompt action after any bite or scratch remain the most effective ways to protect both pets and people from this deadly disease.

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