Contact lenses offer a convenient alternative to spectacles for people who need vision correction, while coloured lenses are also popular for cosmetic purposes. However, improper use, poor hygiene and unsuitable lenses can increase the risk of eye infections and corneal damage. Dr Supriya Sriganesh, executive director at Nethradhama Super Speciality Eye Hospital, has outlined important precautions for contact lens users and warning signs that should not be ignored. Although contact lenses can be safe when used correctly, their direct contact with the cornea makes proper handling and care essential.

One of the most important precautions is maintaining strict hygiene before and after handling contact lenses. Users should wash and thoroughly dry their hands before inserting or removing lenses, use only recommended contact lens solutions and replace lens cases regularly. Sleeping, showering or swimming while wearing contact lenses should be avoided unless an eye-care professional has specifically advised otherwise. Users should also follow the prescribed replacement schedule and avoid using lenses beyond their recommended period, as improper practices can increase the risk of complications.

Dr Sriganesh identified eight warning signs that may indicate contact lenses are affecting eye health. These include persistent redness, eye pain, a burning sensation, increased sensitivity to light, sudden blurred vision, excessive watering, unusual discharge and a gritty sensation in the eyes. Such symptoms may indicate irritation, a corneal abrasion or a more serious condition. Contact lens users experiencing any of these problems should remove their lenses and seek prompt medical evaluation rather than continuing to wear them or attempting to manage the symptoms without professional advice.

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Some contact lens-related complications, including keratitis and corneal ulceration, can threaten vision if not treated promptly. Keratitis refers to inflammation of the cornea and may develop due to infection or other causes. The risk of complications can increase when lenses are worn incorrectly, cleaned inadequately or exposed to contaminated water. Sudden blurred vision, significant pain, redness or light sensitivity warrants urgent attention, particularly when symptoms develop while wearing contact lenses. Early assessment by an ophthalmologist can help identify the cause and determine appropriate treatment.

Children and teenagers can also wear contact lenses, provided they are suitable candidates and can follow the necessary hygiene and handling instructions. Parents should ensure that young users understand how to clean, store and replace their lenses safely. Sleeping in contact lenses should generally be avoided unless specifically prescribed for a medical reason under professional supervision. Age alone does not determine suitability; an eye-care professional can assess whether contact lenses are appropriate based on the child's needs and ability to use them responsibly.

People with active eye infections, severe dry eye disease, ocular allergies or inflammatory conditions such as uveitis should avoid contact lenses unless their ophthalmologist advises otherwise. Those who have recently undergone eye surgery or sustained eye trauma also need medical guidance before resuming lens use. Dusty, smoke-filled or chemically intensive working environments can create additional risks, particularly when proper lens care is difficult. Following professional advice, maintaining good hygiene and responding quickly to warning signs are essential steps in protecting eye health while using contact lenses.

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