The Indian government is partnering with domestic space startups to develop and launch so-called “bodyguard” satellites — specialised spacecraft designed to protect high-value space assets from potential orbital threats — as part of a broader effort to bolster national security in outer space. Discussions between security agencies and private companies are already at advanced stages, with initial test launches expected in the first half of 2026, according to people familiar with the plans.

The initiative reflects growing concerns within Indian defence and space circles about the vulnerability of satellites amid intensifying geopolitical competition and advancing adversary capabilities in space. The planned bodyguard satellites are envisioned to escort and defend key Indian spacecraft, providing a protective shield against hostile actions or unplanned close approaches in orbit.

Private spacetech firms are reportedly developing two main types of these protective satellites. One variant would be equipped with a robotic arm capable of physically intercepting or maneuvering potentially threatening spacecraft, while another would use an enclosing mechanism to isolate and redirect smaller, hostile satellites. These technologies aim to counter both strategic and tactical orbital threats, a capability increasingly relevant as space becomes more contested.

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The operation of bodyguard satellites is seen as complementing India’s existing and planned space surveillance infrastructure. In addition to protecting assets, the project dovetails with a broader “eye in the sky” strategy that includes a large constellation of imaging and reconnaissance satellites — some for national security and others for civilian applications — and expanded ground-based tracking stations. This multilayered approach is intended to enhance real-time monitoring of space activity and improve situational awareness.

This move also comes against the backdrop of past incidents that highlighted vulnerability risks. In 2024, an unidentified spacecraft passed within a dangerously close distance to an Indian satellite, underscoring the potential for unintentional or intentional orbital interference. Such near-miss events have been cited by observers as catalysts for India’s renewed emphasis on defensive space capabilities.

India’s adoption of private sector involvement in these advanced programmes marks a notable shift from historically state-centric space efforts. By tapping startups for cutting-edge development and test launches, New Delhi is aiming to accelerate innovation cycles and build indigenous capacity in critical defence-related space technologies. If successful, this framework could position India among a small group of nations capable of actively protecting and defending satellites in orbit.

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