Ahead of World Cancer Day on February 4, the World Health Organization (WHO) has released a report highlighting that nearly 40% of cancer cases worldwide could be prevented through lifestyle changes, early detection, and effective public health interventions.
The report emphasises that common risk factors — including tobacco use, unhealthy diets, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and exposure to environmental pollutants — contribute significantly to the global cancer burden. WHO officials stressed that addressing these factors could prevent millions of deaths each year.
WHO also highlighted the critical role of screening and early diagnosis, noting that cancers such as cervical, breast, and colorectal are highly treatable if detected early. Vaccination programs, particularly against human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B, were cited as effective preventive measures in reducing the incidence of certain cancers.
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The report pointed out stark inequalities in cancer outcomes between high-income and low- and middle-income countries. Limited access to screening, diagnostics, and treatment in resource-poor regions leads to delayed diagnoses and higher mortality rates, underscoring the need for global efforts to expand equitable healthcare access.
WHO called on governments, healthcare providers, and communities to strengthen public awareness campaigns, implement tobacco and alcohol control policies, promote healthy lifestyles, and improve access to screening and vaccination. The organisation stressed that preventive measures, combined with timely treatment, could dramatically reduce the global cancer burden.
The release of the report on World Cancer Day serves as a reminder that while cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, a substantial proportion of cases are preventable through collective action, informed policies, and individual lifestyle choices.
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