Heatwaves are increasingly being linked not only to physical health concerns but also to emotional and psychological stress. According to medical experts, prolonged exposure to extreme heat can significantly affect mood, energy levels, and mental stability. Speaking to NDTV, Dr. Parinita Kaur, Director & Unit Head, Internal Medicine at Max Super Speciality Hospital, Dwarka, explained that many people experience heightened irritability, restlessness, and anxiety during extended periods of high temperatures.

Dr. Kaur noted that the human body works continuously to regulate internal temperature during heatwaves, which places additional strain on physical systems. Excessive sweating, dehydration, fatigue, and constant discomfort can gradually impact emotional balance. Over time, these physical stressors may make routine tasks feel more demanding and mentally exhausting than usual.

One of the most significant factors contributing to increased anxiety during heatwaves is poor sleep quality. Hot and humid nights often disrupt normal sleep cycles, leading to frequent awakenings and reduced rest. Lack of adequate sleep over several days can affect brain function, reduce emotional control, and increase sensitivity to stress. This can result in heightened feelings of worry and mental exhaustion.

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Dehydration also plays a major role in affecting mental well-being during extreme heat. Reduced fluid intake combined with excessive sweating can lead to headaches, dizziness, and difficulty concentrating. Dr. Kaur explained that insufficient hydration may also contribute to irritability, low mood, and in some cases, palpitations, which can further intensify feelings of anxiety and discomfort.

Another contributing factor is reduced physical activity and social interaction during heatwaves. People often avoid outdoor movement due to high temperatures, which can limit exercise and social engagement. This reduction in activity may negatively impact mood regulation and increase feelings of isolation, particularly among vulnerable groups such as the elderly or those with pre-existing mental health conditions.

Experts emphasize that individuals already experiencing anxiety, depression, or sleep disorders may notice a worsening of symptoms during extreme heat. Dr. Kaur advised maintaining hydration, ensuring proper sleep in cooler environments, and avoiding excessive heat exposure. She added that mental health should not be overlooked during summer months, as heatwaves can quietly intensify emotional strain alongside physical discomfort.

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