Iran has denied International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspectors access to its nuclear facilities damaged during a 12-day conflict involving Israel and the United States in June 2025, according to a confidential IAEA report circulated to member states on Friday.

The report, reviewed by multiple outlets including the Associated Press and Reuters, states that the IAEA has been unable to visit any of Iran's four declared uranium enrichment sites—Natanz, Fordow, Isfahan, and a fourth facility declared in June last year—since the strikes. This lack of access prevents the agency from verifying whether Iran has suspended all enrichment-related activities or determining the current size, composition, or whereabouts of its enriched uranium stockpile. The IAEA emphasized the "utmost urgency" of addressing this "loss of continuity of knowledge" over previously declared nuclear material at the affected sites.

Iran suspended full cooperation with the IAEA following the attacks, accusing the agency of bias for not condemning the strikes, and has restricted inspections to bombed facilities while allowing limited visits to some unaffected ones (with exceptions like the under-construction Karun power plant). Satellite imagery analysis has detected ongoing activities at sites like Natanz and Fordow, but without on-site verification, the IAEA cannot confirm their nature or purpose. Particular concern focuses on Isfahan, where highly enriched uranium—enriched up to near-weapons-grade levels—was stored in an underground tunnel complex believed to have survived the bombings.

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The developments heighten global worries amid fragile indirect talks between the US and Iran, with the Trump administration maintaining a hard line against any Iranian nuclear weapons capability. Previous estimates placed Iran's stockpile of uranium enriched to 60% at around 440 kg before the strikes—enough material that, if further enriched, could support weapons development. The IAEA's inability to account for this stockpile raises risks to the nuclear non-proliferation regime.

Analysts view the standoff as complicating diplomatic efforts, with the IAEA urging immediate access to restore oversight. The report is set for discussion at the agency's Board of Governors meeting next week, potentially escalating tensions as the US continues military positioning in the region and warns of further action if necessary. Iran maintains its program is peaceful and has demanded a framework for post-attack inspections, though no agreement has been reached on resuming full cooperation.

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