General Upendra Dwivedi’s tenure as Chief of Army Staff, which concludes on June 30, 2026, is being viewed as a significant phase of doctrinal and structural transformation within the Indian Army. During his leadership, the force undertook a broad modernization drive aimed at preparing for the evolving nature of warfare, with a strong focus on emerging technologies and multi-domain operations.

Often referred to within strategic circles as the “Drone General,” General Dwivedi oversaw a rapid expansion of the Army’s drone capabilities. The number of drone assets grew from a few hundred to more than 50,000 during his tenure, while over 25 Drone and Counter-Drone Hubs were established across the country. The expansion reflected a growing emphasis on unmanned systems as a critical component of future military operations.

However, military analysts note that the transformation extended well beyond drone deployment. General Dwivedi championed a shift from traditional platform-centric warfare to a capability-centric approach, seeking to enhance operational flexibility and integration across multiple domains. This transition was reflected in the creation of new formations and units designed to meet the demands of modern conflict.

Also Read: Women Officers Begin Military Careers With Permanent Commission In Landmark Move

Among the notable developments were the establishment of Bhairav Battalions, Ashni Platoons, Rudra All-Arms Brigades, Shaktibaan Regiments and Divyastra Batteries. The continued evolution of Integrated Battle Groups also formed part of the Army’s broader restructuring efforts. These formations were designed to improve coordination across different combat functions and enhance readiness for complex battlefield scenarios.

Alongside organizational reforms, General Dwivedi placed considerable emphasis on strengthening the Army’s doctrinal framework. During his tenure, nearly 25 doctrines, strategic guidelines, standard operating procedures and policy documents were issued. These covered a wide range of subjects, including land warfare, strategic security, red teaming, physical standards and emerging domains such as space.

Defence observers believe that this combination of technological adoption, force restructuring and doctrinal development has created an institutional foundation that is likely to influence the Indian Army well beyond General Dwivedi’s tenure. The reforms have provided a common framework for future planning and reflect the Army’s efforts to adapt to rapidly changing security and warfare challenges.

Also Read: Indian Army Major Prabhat Mishra Wins Dual Awards At US Army College