Trump to Sign Historic U.S.-Saudi Nuclear Cooperation Framework with MBS
US-Saudi mega-deal to be signed in explosive White House ceremony.
President Donald Trump will host Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman at the White House on Tuesday to personally sign the framework of a historic civil nuclear cooperation agreement, multiple sources with direct knowledge of the negotiations confirmed Monday evening. The long-awaited “123 agreement” will open the door for American companies to sell nuclear reactors, technology, and even limited uranium enrichment capabilities to the kingdom under strict U.S. oversight.
Known informally as the U.S.-Saudi 123 deal, the accord has been a top priority for Riyadh since 2018, when MBS declared Saudi Arabia would develop nuclear weapons if Iran did. After years of deadlock over enrichment rights and human rights conditions, Trump’s return to power broke the logjam: Saudi negotiators quietly dropped demands for unrestricted domestic enrichment in exchange for rapid reactor deliveries and unprecedented U.S. security guarantees.
The breakthrough reportedly includes side letters committing Washington to defend the kingdom against external attacks and fast-track up to 16 American-designed reactors worth hundreds of billions of dollars. In return, Saudi Arabia has agreed to the “gold standard” of non-proliferation — forswearing enrichment and reprocessing while allowing intrusive IAEA inspections.
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Critics in Congress remain furious, pointing to the 2018 Khashoggi assassination and ongoing Yemen war, but the administration is sidestepping full Senate ratification by treating Tuesday’s document as a non-binding framework rather than the final treaty. Lawmakers will only get 90 days to review the completed pact once it is submitted later.
As Iran watches in alarm and Israel quietly fumes, Tuesday’s Oval Office photo-op between Trump and MBS is set to be one of the most consequential nuclear moments in Middle East history — effectively crowning Saudi Arabia as America’s chosen atomic partner in the region.
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