From Uri To Operation Sindoor, Modi Government Shapes India’s National Security Policy

Prime Minister Narendra Modi is set to complete 4,399 consecutive days in office on June 10, surpassing India’s first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru’s record of 4,398 days and becoming the country’s longest-serving elected Prime Minister. His tenure since taking oath on May 26, 2014, has been marked by major policy decisions, with national security emerging as one of the most defining areas of governance.

In the early years of the administration, the government focused on dismantling home-grown terror networks such as the Indian Mujahideen and disrupting separatist funding channels in Jammu and Kashmir. Central agencies, including the National Investigation Agency (NIA) and Enforcement Directorate (ED), investigated alleged financial networks linked to Pakistan-backed entities. Officials claimed these investigations exposed how a portion of the funds was being diverted toward violence, while the remainder was allegedly misused by operatives for personal gain.

Security operations during this period also intensified against militant groups active in Jammu and Kashmir, including Hizbul Mujahideen. The killing of Burhan Wani in 2016 marked a turning point, followed by a series of counter-terror operations targeting senior commanders. The government simultaneously attempted outreach initiatives aimed at stabilising the region, while security forces focused on dismantling recruitment and operational structures of militant organisations.

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A major milestone in the government’s national security approach was the abrogation of Article 370 in 2019, which removed Jammu and Kashmir’s special constitutional status and fully integrated the region under the Indian Constitution. Following the decision, central laws were extended to the Union Territory, and officials reported a gradual weakening of terror networks over time. Authorities also noted improvements in tourism and economic activity, attributing it to enhanced security conditions in the Valley.

The government’s security doctrine was further tested by a series of high-profile terror attacks, including the 2016 Uri assault that killed 19 soldiers and the 2019 Pulwama suicide bombing that claimed 40 CRPF personnel. In response to Uri, Indian special forces carried out cross-border strikes on terror launch pads in Pakistan-administered territory, an operation later referred to as the Uri surgical strikes. After Pulwama, India conducted air strikes on a terror facility in Balakot, targeting a Jaish-e-Mohammed training camp.

In 2025, following a deadly attack in Pahalgam that killed 26 civilians, the government announced a doctrinal shift, stating that future terror attacks attributed to Pakistan-backed groups would be treated as acts of war. This was followed by Operation Sindoor, in which Indian armed forces reportedly carried out precision strikes on multiple terror infrastructure sites across Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Kashmir. Officials said the strikes targeted facilities linked to Jaish-e-Mohammed and Lashkar-e-Taiba, significantly degrading their operational networks and signalling a more assertive security posture.

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