Allahabad Court Grants Bail to Accused in Rape and Murder Case Due to Evidence Gap

The Allahabad High Court has granted bail to an accused in a rape and murder case, observing a “heavy heart and great pain” over the lack of conclusive scientific evidence linking him to the crime, while also expressing concern over deficiencies in forensic infrastructure in the state. The bail was granted to the accused, Manoj, after the court noted that forensic analysis did not establish a clear DNA match between him and biological samples collected from the victim.

According to the court, the Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL) report indicated that an incomplete DNA profile had been generated, making it impossible to conclusively determine the source of DNA found in the vaginal swab. Justice Arun Kumar Singh Deshwal, who delivered the order dated May 21, said the absence of definitive scientific linkage created reasonable doubt in the case at the bail stage.  The court observed that while allegations in such offences are extremely serious in nature, judicial discretion in granting bail must still be guided by available evidence on record.

At the same time, the court strongly criticised the condition of forensic infrastructure in Uttar Pradesh, stating that outdated equipment and inadequate facilities often lead to incomplete DNA profiling in serious criminal cases. It noted that in multiple instances, forensic reports fail to establish clear biological connections due to technical limitations rather than investigative shortcomings.

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The court further remarked that responsibility for strengthening forensic capabilities ultimately lies with the state government, and stated that insufficient investment in scientific infrastructure cannot be overlooked when it affects the quality of criminal investigations. It directed the High Court registrar (compliance) to forward a copy of the order to the Chief Secretary of Uttar Pradesh for the attention of the Chief Minister.

While granting bail, the court emphasised that the decision was based on evidentiary limitations at this stage and not a determination of innocence or guilt. It also highlighted the broader systemic issue, stating that delays and deficiencies in forensic analysis can significantly impact the administration of justice in sensitive criminal cases. The ruling has once again brought attention to the role of forensic science in modern policing and the challenges faced by state laboratories in handling complex DNA analysis, particularly in serious offences such as rape and murder.

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