Organ Donation Myths: Doctor Explains Who Can Actually Donate

Organ donation continues to offer a chance of life to patients with serious organ failure, but misconceptions about eligibility and the donation process remain widespread. Liver transplant surgeon Dr Vaibhaw Kumar, Director of Liver Transplant and GI Surgery at Paras Health Gurugram, has highlighted several common myths surrounding organ donation. One of the most persistent misconceptions is that doctors may not try as hard to save a registered donor’s life. Dr Kumar stressed that medical teams treating critically ill or injured patients remain focused on saving the patient, with organ donation considered separately under established medical and ethical protocols.

Another common belief is that age automatically prevents a person from becoming an organ donor. However, there is no universal age cut-off for deceased donation, as the suitability of organs and tissues is assessed on a case-by-case basis at the time of death. Older adults and people with certain treated chronic conditions may still be able to donate organs or tissues. The decision depends on medical assessments and the condition of the organs rather than simply the donor’s age or the presence of a chronic illness.

Living donation is also possible for carefully selected healthy adults, with kidney and partial liver donations among the most common forms. Potential living donors undergo detailed medical and psychological assessments to determine whether donation can be carried out safely. A healthy adult can donate one kidney, while a portion of a healthy liver can also be donated because the liver has the capacity to regenerate. Transplant specialists follow strict protocols to protect both donors and recipients throughout the process.

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Despite advances in transplantation, the gap between the number of organs available and the number of patients needing transplants remains substantial. Global data show that transplant numbers have increased in recent years as medical systems and surgical capacity have improved, but deceased donation remains insufficient to meet demand in many countries. India has also recorded growth in transplant activity, including record numbers in recent years, but its donation rate remains low. Thousands of patients continue to wait for organs such as kidneys, livers and corneas.

Experts say improving public awareness, strengthening infrastructure and ensuring timely counselling of families after deaths can help address the shortage. People who wish to become donors can register their intention through the appropriate national or authorised registry and should clearly communicate their decision to family members. Keeping relevant documentation where required can also help ensure that a person’s wishes are known. Family discussions are particularly important because relatives may be involved in the donation process after death.

Organ donation is ultimately a personal decision that can also have a significant impact on others awaiting transplants. Understanding that eligibility is assessed individually, rather than determined solely by age or medical history, can help counter misinformation. Dr Kumar’s comments also underline the importance of relying on transplant centres, national authorities, medical organisations and other trusted sources rather than social media claims. Anyone considering living donation or seeking advice about their individual eligibility should consult qualified transplant specialists for appropriate medical guidance.

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